What Is Sarcoma, NOS?
Sarcoma, Not Otherwise Specified (NOS), refers to a group of cancers that arise from the connective tissues in the body, such as bones, muscles, fat, nerves, and cartilage, but cannot be more precisely categorized into a specific type of sarcoma based on the histological appearance alone. This categorization is used when the tumour cells do not clearly resemble the type of tissue they originated from, making it challenging for pathologists to classify them into well-defined subtypes of sarcoma.
Symptoms
The symptoms of sarcoma NOS vary widely depending on the tumour’s location, size, and the affected tissues. Common symptoms may include:
- A palpable lump or mass, which may or may not be painful
- Swelling or a noticeable increase in size of an arm or leg
- Pain, which may be caused by the tumour pressing on nerves or muscles
- Fatigue and weight loss
- Reduced mobility or function in the affected area
Disease Aetiology (Causes)
The exact cause of sarcomas, including NOS types, is often unknown. However, several factors may increase the risk of developing sarcomas, such as:
- Genetic disorders, like Li-Fraumeni syndrome or neurofibromatosis
- Previous radiation therapy
- Chronic swelling or inflammation
Diagnosis
Diagnosing sarcoma NOS involves a series of tests, including:
- Imaging studies (X-rays, MRI, CT scans) to locate the tumour and assess its size.
- Biopsy, where a sample of the tumour tissue is removed for microscopic examination. This is crucial for diagnosing sarcoma NOS.
- Molecular and genetic tests may also be conducted to identify specific genetic abnormalities that could inform treatment options.
Treatment
Treatment for sarcoma NOS typically involves a combination of therapies, tailored to the individual patient’s condition:
- Surgery is often the primary treatment, aiming to remove the tumour and a margin of healthy tissue around it.
- Radiation therapy may be used before or after surgery to destroy any remaining cancer cells or to reduce the tumour size preoperatively.
- Chemotherapy is commonly used, especially for high-grade tumours or when the cancer has spread.
- Targeted therapy and immunotherapy are emerging treatments that may be applicable for some patients based on genetic testing of the tumour.
What support can we give for the Sarcoma, Not Otherwise Specified (NOS)?
Sarcoma, Not Otherwise Specified (NOS) is a rare cancer, meaning it is not as well-known as other forms of cancer. Without a Ribbon is an Australian organisation that provides support for individuals who suffer from rare cancers. So, we provide a designated platform for Warriors to obtain information specific to their Rare Cancer. We also provide annual opportunities for our Warriors to meet and learn from each other. If you suffer from rare cancer such as Sarcoma, Not Otherwise Specified (NOS), we can help and support you through your journey thanks to the generous donations we receive. Click the link below to sign up and become a Warrior today!
You can help us with your donation:
Without a Ribbon is a charity that works hard to aid those who suffer from rare cancers. You can help our cause in a variety of ways:
