What is the Yolk Sac Tumour of the Testis?
Yolk sac tumour is the most frequent type of germ cell cancer of the testis in children and young adults, and it develops from the testis’ parenchymal cells. Testicular yolk sac tumours are also known as endodermal sinus tumours. The term “germ cell tumour” refers to tumours that develop from the testes or ovaries, respectively, in males and females, which produce germ cells.
Yolk sac tumours are more common in children of Asian ethnicity than white or black. While in adults yolk sac tumour of the testis is more frequent in people of White ethnicity. Less than 10% of the time, the tumour has a tendency to spread to surrounding tissues, lymph nodes, and distant regions of the body.
Disease Causes
There is no known cause, but it is thought that certain genetic and hereditary mutations, as well as exposure to certain environmental factors, can cause yolk sac tumour of the testis.
Signs and Symptoms
- Painless enlargement of the testes
- Swelling of the testes
- Palpable (felt able, touchable mass in the testes) in the scrotum)
- Feeling of heaviness in the testes
- Enlargement of breast in males
- Pain in the back or groin region
- Change in the size or shape of the testes
Diagnosis
The following diagnostic tests and procedures can be used to make a diagnosis. These are
- A physical examination of the pelvic area (hip) to see unusual changes in the scrotum, to asses any mass or lump in this area
- Imaging tests like scrotal ultrasonography (USG), CT-scan testis, CT-scan abdomen, CT scan chest, and brain to detect the tumour size, site and metastasis.
- Histopathlogy
- Tumour Biopsy
Treatment
The main treatment options are the surgical removal of the testis (orchidectomy), few abdominal lymph nodes, and chemotherapy.
What Support can we Give for Yolk sac Tumour of the Testis?
Yolk sac Tumour of the Testis is rare cancer, meaning it is not as well known as other forms of cancer. Without a Ribbon is an Australian organisation that provides support for individuals who suffer from rare cancers. So, we provide a designated platform for Warriors to obtain information specific to their Rare Cancer. We also provide annual opportunities for our Warriors to meet and learn from each other. If you suffer from rare cancer such as Yolk sac Tumour of the Testis, we can help and support you through your journey thanks to the generous donations we receive. Click the link below to sign up and become a Warrior today!
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