What Is Renal Cell Carcinoma – Sarcomatoid?
Renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid features, often referred to as sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma (sRCC), is a rare and aggressive form of kidney cancer. It is characterized by the presence of sarcomatoid differentiation, where the cancer cells resemble those of soft tissue sarcomas. This subtype can arise from any type of renal cell carcinoma but is most commonly associated with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Sarcomatoid features in RCC are associated with a poor prognosis due to the aggressive nature of the disease and its tendency to metastasize early.
Symptoms
The symptoms of sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma may not differ significantly from other types of RCC and can include:
- Blood in the urine (hematuria)
- A lump or mass in the abdomen
- Persistent pain in the side or back
- Unexplained weight loss
- Fever
- Fatigue
Disease Aetiology (Causes)
The exact cause of sarcomatoid transformation in renal cell carcinoma is not fully understood. It is thought to represent a form of dedifferentiation within an existing RCC, leading to a more aggressive behavior. Factors that may contribute to the development of RCC, in general, include smoking, obesity, hypertension, and certain genetic conditions, although the specific triggers for sarcomatoid differentiation are not known.
Diagnosis
Diagnosing sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma involves:
- Imaging tests, such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to detect and evaluate the extent of the tumour.
- Blood and urine tests to check for signs of kidney dysfunction and other abnormalities.
- A biopsy of the kidney tissue, which is crucial for identifying the sarcomatoid features under a microscope.
Treatment
The treatment for sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma is challenging due to its aggressive nature and may include:
- Surgery to remove the tumour and surrounding tissue, including partial or radical nephrectomy, is often the first line of treatment.
- Targeted therapy and immunotherapy, as sarcomatoid RCC may respond to these treatments, especially in advanced stages.
- Chemotherapy, which may be considered in some cases, although its effectiveness can be limited.
- Radiation therapy, typically used to relieve symptoms in advanced disease rather than as a curative treatment.
What support can we give for the Renal Cell Carcinoma?
Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma is a rare cancer, meaning it is not as well-known as other forms of cancer. Without a Ribbon is an Australian organisation that provides support for individuals who suffer from rare cancers. So, we provide a designated platform for Warriors to obtain information specific to their Rare Cancer. We also provide annual opportunities for our Warriors to meet and learn from each other. If you suffer from rare cancer such as Renal Cell Carcinoma, we can help and support you through your journey thanks to the generous donations we receive. Click the link below to sign up and become a Warrior today!
You can help us with your donation:
Without a Ribbon is a charity that works hard to aid those who suffer from rare cancers. You can help our cause in a variety of ways:
