What are Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumours?
Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumours (PNETs) are a rare group of highly aggressive cancers that originate from neural crest cells, which are early, undeveloped cells in the central and peripheral nervous system. PNETs predominantly affect children and young adults, and can occur in various parts of the body, including the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. They are characterized by small, round, and undifferentiated cells.Symptoms
The symptoms of Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumours vary depending on the tumour’s location:- Brain (including cerebellum): Headaches, nausea, vomiting, balance problems, and changes in behaviour or cognitive function.
- Spinal Cord: Pain, weakness, or numbness in the extremities, and difficulty with bladder and bowel control.
- Peripheral Nerves: Localized pain, a noticeable lump or swelling, and potential weakness or loss of function in the affected area.
Disease Aetiology (Causes)
The cause of Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumours is not entirely clear, though they are thought to arise from faults in the early development of neural crest cells. Genetic factors may play a role, but typically there is no clear pattern of inheritance.Diagnosis
Diagnosing PNETs typically involves:- Imaging Studies: MRI and CT scans are used to identify the presence and extent of the tumour.
- Biopsy: A tissue sample of the tumour is examined under a microscope to confirm the diagnosis.
- Lumbar Puncture: In cases of brain involvement, check for tumour cells in the cerebrospinal fluid.
- Blood and Urine Tests: To assess overall health and rule out other conditions.
Treatment
Treatment for PNETs generally includes a combination of therapies:- Surgery: To remove as much of the tumour as possible.
- Chemotherapy: Often used both before and after surgery to shrink the tumour and target any remaining cancer cells.
- Radiation Therapy: Typically employed post-surgery, especially in cases where complete removal of the tumour is not possible.
- High-Dose Chemotherapy with Stem Cell Rescue: In certain high-risk or recurrent cases.
What support can we give for Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumour?
Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumour is a rare cancer, meaning it is not as well-known as other forms of cancer. Without a Ribbon is an Australian organisation that provides support for individuals who suffer from rare cancers. So, we provide a designated platform for Warriors to obtain information specific to their Rare Cancer. We also provide annual opportunities for our Warriors to meet and learn from each other. If you suffer from rare cancer such as Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumour, we can help and support you through your journey thanks to the generous donations we receive. Click the link below to sign up and become a Warrior today!You can help us with your donation:
Without a Ribbon is a charity that works hard to aid those who suffer from rare cancers. You can help our cause in a variety of ways:Donations — Without a Ribbon are grateful when we receive every donation. Giving to Without a Ribbon helps us to provide ongoing support, organise the annual gathering and subsidise the costs of our Warriors attending these conferences.
Sponsorship — If you wish to sponsor our charity, please contact us using this form.
Volunteering — We are always looking for volunteers to help with different aspects of running our charity. So, if you are looking for volunteer work, please feel free to contact us.
