What Is Nephroblastoma?
Nephroblastoma, commonly known as Wilms tumour, is a rare kidney cancer that primarily affects children, usually before the age of 5. It originates from nephroblasts, which are immature kidney cells that typically develop into renal tissue but can become cancerous in some cases. Wilms tumour is the most common type of kidney cancer in children and can affect one or both kidneys.
Symptoms
Symptoms of nephroblastoma may not be specific and can include:
- A noticeable lump or swelling in the abdomen.
- Abdominal pain.
- Fever.
- Blood in the urine (hematuria).
- Nausea or vomiting.
- High blood pressure (hypertension).
- Loss of appetite or unexplained weight loss.
- Fatigue.
Disease Aetiology (Causes)
The exact cause of nephroblastoma is not fully understood, but it is believed to result from genetic mutations that occur early in a child’s development. Some cases are associated with congenital anomalies and genetic syndromes, such as WAGR syndrome (Wilms tumour, Aniridia, Genitourinary abnormalities, and Range of developmental delays), Denys-Drash syndrome, and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome.
Diagnosis
Diagnosing nephroblastoma typically involves:
- Physical examination to detect any abdominal masses.
- Blood and urine tests to assess kidney function and look for signs of cancer.
- Imaging studies, such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scans, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to visualize the tumour and determine its extent.
- Biopsy of the tumour tissue, although this is not always necessary before starting treatment.
Treatment
Treatment for nephroblastoma is highly effective and may include:
- Surgery to remove the affected kidney (nephrectomy) or part of it, which is often the first step in treatment.
- Chemotherapy to shrink the tumour before surgery or to eliminate any remaining cancer cells after surgery.
- Radiation therapy, used in cases where the tumour is large, has spread beyond the kidney, or cannot be completely removed by surgery.
- Targeted therapy and immunotherapy are being researched as potential treatments for more aggressive or recurrent cases.
What support can we give for the Nephroblastoma?
Nephroblastoma is a rare cancer, meaning it is not as well-known as other forms of cancer. Without a Ribbon is an Australian organisation that provides support for individuals who suffer from rare cancers. So, we provide a designated platform for Warriors to obtain information specific to their Rare Cancer. We also provide annual opportunities for our Warriors to meet and learn from each other. If you suffer from rare cancer such as Nephroblastoma, we can help and support you through your journey thanks to the generous donations we receive. Click the link below to sign up and become a Warrior today!
You can help us with your donation:
Without a Ribbon is a charity that works hard to aid those who suffer from rare cancers. You can help our cause in a variety of ways:
