What is Mucinous Carcinoma of the Uterus?
Mucinous carcinoma of the uterus is a rare form of endometrial cancer characterised by the presence of cells that produce mucin, a gel-like substance. Mucinous carcinoma most commonly occurs in the breast, colon, and stomach, and it is exceptionally rare in the uterus. Despite its rarity, early diagnosis and treatment are critical due to its potential to spread to other parts of the body. Other names of Mucinous Carcinoma of the Uterus are Mucinous Carcinoma of the Uterine Corpus and Uterine Mucinous Carcinoma.Disease Aetiology (Causes)
The exact cause of mucinous carcinoma of the uterus is unknown, but it is likely to involve genetic mutations that lead to uncontrolled cell growth and division. Factors that may increase the risk of endometrial cancer, in general, include obesity, use of estrogen without progesterone, late menopause, never having been pregnant, and certain inherited cancer syndromes.Diagnosis
The diagnosis of mucinous carcinoma often involves:- Detailed medical history and physical examination
- Endometrial biopsy or dilation and curettage (D&C) to obtain tissue for examination under a microscope
- Imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI to ascertain the size, location, and extent of the tumour
Treatment
The treatment for mucinous carcinoma of the uterus generally involves:- Surgery: The primary treatment, involves the surgical removal of the uterus (hysterectomy), along with the fallopian tubes and ovaries.
- Radiation Therapy: This can be used after surgery to kill any remaining cancer cells and reduce the risk of recurrence.
- Hormone Therapy: This involves the use of drugs to block hormone receptors in cancer cells, thereby slowing the growth of the cancer.
- Chemotherapy: This may be considered in some cases, particularly for more advanced diseases or if the cancer recurs.