What is a Granulosa Cell Tumour of the Ovary?
Granulosa cell tumors originate from the ovarian cells that produce estrogen. They account for only 2% to 5% of all ovarian cancers. The excessive estrogen production in these tumors can cause the uterine lining to thicken, potentially leading to uterine cancer.
Signs and Symptoms
The patient may suffer from the following:
- Abnormal bleeding from the vagina between periods
- Pain in the abdomen
- Low blood pressure
- Swelling, a lump or mass in the abdomen
- Internal bleeding in the abdomen
Diagnosis
Following diagnostic tests and procedures can be used to make the diagnosis:
- Complete blood count ( CBC)
- Serum tumour markers
- Imaging techniques like ultrasonography (USG), CT-scan, MRI, and X-Ray to detect the site, size, and extent of the tumour.
- Pelvic examination through per-speculum examination of the vagina, cervix, and ovaries. A speculum is a gynecological instrument used to visualise the vaginal wall, cervix, uterus, and ovaries to detect any abnormality.
Treatment
Surgery is the most common and effective treatment for granulosa cell tumour of the ovary. In advanced metastatic and recurrent cases chemotherapy and radiation therapy is the primary treatment option.
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