What Is Clear Cell Squamous Cell Carcinoma?
Clear cell squamous cell carcinoma is a rare and distinctive subtype of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) characterized by the presence of clear cells within the tumour. These clear cells are so named because of their appearance under a microscope, where they seem to have a clear or empty cytoplasm. This histological variant of SCC can occur in various parts of the body where squamous cells are present, including the skin, oral cavity, larynx, esophagus, and genitalia. The presence of clear cells is thought to be due to the accumulation of glycogen or other substances within the tumour cells.
Symptoms
The symptoms of clear cell squamous cell carcinoma depend on the tumour’s location but may include:
- A lump or growth on the skin or in the mucous membranes that may ulcerate or bleed
- A persistent sore throat or difficulty swallowing if located in the throat or esophagus
- Hoarseness or changes in voice when the tumour affects the larynx
- A lesion or ulcer in the genital area for tumours located there
- Pain or discomfort in the affected area
Disease Aetiology (Causes)
The exact cause of clear cell squamous cell carcinoma is not fully understood, but factors that increase the risk of squamous cell carcinoma in general include:
- Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds
- Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in certain cases
- Smoking, particularly for cancers of the oral cavity, larynx, and esophagus
- Chronic irritation or inflammation
Diagnosis
Diagnosing clear cell squamous cell carcinoma involves:
- A physical examination of the affected area
- Biopsy of the lesion for histopathological examination to identify the clear cell features
- Imaging tests, such as CT scans or MRI, to assess the extent of the disease and check for metastasis
- For skin lesions, a dermatoscope may be used for a closer examination
Treatment
Treatment for clear cell squamous cell carcinoma typically includes:
- Surgical removal of the tumouur with a margin of healthy tissue to ensure complete excision
- Radiation therapy may be used as an adjunct to surgery or as a primary treatment when surgery is not feasible
- Chemotherapy may be considered for advanced cases or when the cancer has spread
- Targeted therapy and immunotherapy are emerging as treatment options for certain cases, depending on the tumour’s genetic and molecular characteristics
What support can we give for the Clear Cell Squamous Cell Carcinoma?
Clear Cell Squamous Cell Carcinoma is a rare cancer, meaning it is not as well-known as other forms of cancer. Without a Ribbon is an Australian organisation that provides support for individuals who suffer from rare cancers. So, we provide a designated platform for Warriors to obtain information specific to their Rare Cancer. We also provide annual opportunities for our Warriors to meet and learn from each other. If you suffer from rare cancer such as Clear Cell Squamous Cell Carcinoma, we can help and support you through your journey thanks to the generous donations we receive. Click the link below to sign up and become a Warrior today!
You can help us with your donation:
Without a Ribbon is a charity that works hard to aid those who suffer from rare cancers. You can help our cause in a variety of ways:
Donations — Without a Ribbon are grateful when we receive every donation. Giving to Without a Ribbon helps us to provide ongoing support, organise the annual gathering and subsidise the costs of our Warriors attending these conferences.
Sponsorship — If you wish to sponsor our charity, please contact us using this form.
Volunteering — We are always looking for volunteers to help with different aspects of running our charity. So, if you are looking for volunteer work, please feel free to contact us.