What Is a Carcinoid Tumour of the Liver?
Carcinoid tumours are a type of neuroendocrine tumour that originates from hormone-producing cells that can be found throughout the body. When these tumours develop in the liver, it is often a result of metastasis from a primary carcinoid tumour located elsewhere, typically in the gastrointestinal tract, lungs, or pancreas. Primary carcinoid tumours of the liver are exceedingly rare. These tumours are known for their slow-growing nature but can cause significant health issues when they produce excess hormones.
Symptoms
Symptoms of a carcinoid tumour in the liver may not be apparent in the early stages. When symptoms do occur, they may include:
- Abdominal pain or discomfort
- Weight loss without trying
- A feeling of fullness after eating a small amount of food
- Fatigue
- Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)
- Swelling in the legs and abdomen due to fluid accumulation (edema and ascites)
When carcinoid tumours secrete hormones, they can lead to a condition known as carcinoid syndrome, characterized by:
- Flushing of the skin
- Diarrhea
- Wheezing or difficulty breathing
- Rapid heart rate
Disease Aetiology (Causes)
The exact cause of carcinoid tumours is not fully understood. Factors that may increase the risk of developing these tumours include:
- Genetic mutations
- Family history of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome
- Chronic inflammation in the digestive system
- Other inherited conditions
Diagnosis
Diagnosing a carcinoid tumour in the liver typically involves:
- Imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scans, MRI, or PET scans to detect tumours in the liver.
- Blood and urine tests to check for markers associated with carcinoid tumours, such as chromogranin A (CgA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA).
- Biopsy of liver tissue to confirm the diagnosis through microscopic examination.
Treatment
Treatment options for carcinoid tumours in the liver depend on the size and spread of the tumour, and may include:
- Surgery to remove the tumour, which is the preferred treatment when possible.
- Liver-directed therapies such as embolization or ablation to shrink tumours and relieve symptoms.
- Medications to control symptoms of carcinoid syndrome, including somatostatin analogs (e.g., octreotide, lanreotide) that can reduce hormone production.
- Targeted therapy and chemotherapy, although less commonly used, may be options for advanced cases.
What support can we give for the Carcinoid Tumour of the Liver?
Carcinoid Tumour of the Liver is a rare cancer, meaning it is not as well-known as other forms of cancer. Without a Ribbon is an Australian organisation that provides support for individuals who suffer from rare cancers. So, we provide a designated platform for Warriors to obtain information specific to their Rare Cancer. We also provide annual opportunities for our Warriors to meet and learn from each other. If you suffer from rare cancer such as Carcinoid Tumour of the Liver, we can help and support you through your journey thanks to the generous donations we receive. Click the link below to sign up and become a Warrior today!
You can help us with your donation:
Without a Ribbon is a charity that works hard to aid those who suffer from rare cancers. You can help our cause in a variety of ways:
