Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumour is a rare but non-cancerous brain tumour that mostly affects children and teenagers. This tumour usually forms in the temporal lobe of the brain, which controls memory and emotions.
DNET is most commonly discovered in young people who have seizures that do not improve with regular medication. Though it sounds serious, Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumour is considered benign, meaning it doesn’t spread to other parts of the brain or body.
Causes
The exact reason why DNET forms is not completely known. Experts believe it develops during early brain growth while the child is still developing in the womb. It is not caused by infections, injury, or anything a person does during life. Also, it is not inherited and doesn’t run in families.
Symptoms
The most common symptom of DNET is seizures that are difficult to control with medication. These seizures may happen frequently and may not respond well to anti-seizure drugs. Some children may also experience headaches, feelings of nausea, or occasional dizziness. In rare cases, children might struggle with learning or memory, especially if the tumour is large or located near important areas of the brain.
Diagnosis
To identify DNET, doctors usually perform an MRI scan, which clearly shows a tumour with a bubbly or cyst-like appearance. The tumour does not usually affect the surrounding brain tissues aggressively. If needed, doctors may perform surgery to remove the tumour, which also helps in confirming the diagnosis under the microscope.
Treatment
The main and most effective treatment for DNET is surgery. Removing the tumour often leads to a full recovery, and most children become seizure-free after the operation. Unlike many other tumours, there is usually no need for radiation or chemotherapy after surgery.
Prognosis
The outcome for children with DNET is excellent. After complete removal, the tumour very rarely comes back. Most children go on to live normal lives, attend school, and take part in regular activities. Regular check-ups with the doctor are still advised to monitor brain health and make sure there are no new symptoms.
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