What is Desmoplastic Fibroblastoma (Collagenous Fibroma)?
Desmoplastic fibroblastoma, also known as collagenous fibroma, is a rare, non-cancerous (benign) soft-tissue tumour. It develops from fibroblasts, which are cells responsible for producing collagen, the strong fibrous material that supports tissues in the body.
Because of this excess collagen production, the tumour becomes very firm and hard in texture. Although the word “tumour” can be frightening, it is important to understand that this condition is not a cancer and does not spread to other parts of the body.
Incidence
This condition usually affects adults, most commonly between the ages of 40 and 70, and is seen more often in men than women. It can appear in different parts of the body, especially the arms, shoulders, hands, feet, back, or neck. The tumour grows very slowly, which is why many people live with it for months or even years before seeking medical attention.
Symptoms
Most people notice a painless, hard lump under the skin or deep in the muscles. The lump usually does not cause redness or warmth and does not change the skin colour. Because it grows slowly and does not hurt, it is often ignored at first.
As it becomes larger, it may cause mild discomfort or restrict movement if it presses on nearby muscles or tendons, especially when located near joints such as the wrist, shoulder, or ankle. General symptoms like fever, weight loss, or weakness are not associated with this condition.
Diagnosis
To identify desmoplastic fibroblastoma, imaging tests such as ultrasound, MRI, or CT scan are used to show a well-defined, solid mass. However, the final diagnosis is made by examining a tissue sample under the microscope. The tumour shows very few cells and a large amount of dense collagen, which is a key feature that helps distinguish it from cancerous tumours.
Treatment
The treatment of choice is simple surgical removal of the lump. Surgery is usually straightforward, as the tumour is well-defined and does not invade nearby tissues. After complete removal, the tumour almost never comes back, and no additional treatment such as chemotherapy or radiation is required.
Prognosis
The outlook for people with desmoplastic fibroblastoma is excellent. Once removed, patients can return to normal life without long-term problems or risk of spread. Regular follow-up is generally minimal and only done to ensure proper healing.
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