What is Giant Cell Tumour?
Giant cell tumour is a rare non-cancerous aggressive (rapidly developing and spreading) tumour typically develops in the long bones near the joints at the end of the bones, like long bones of the legs and forearm. In 50% of cases, it develops around the knee joint. In 10% cases, it develops in the vertebrae of the lower part of the spinal cord and the bones of fingers. It also can develop in the flat bones of the body like sternum and pelvic bone.
Disease Etiology (Causes)
There is no exact well-known cause is found. However, certain mutations in the c-Myc-oncogenes or P53 are considered responsible for the development of a giant cell tumour. In a few cases, it is also linked with the Paget disease of the bones.
Disease Epidemiology
The frequency of the occurrence of the disease is 1.7 per million people. It usually develops between the ages of 30-50 years. In metastatic cases, the death rate is 17%.
Signs and Symptoms
- Gradual onset on pain at the affected joint or limb with physical exertion, at night, or rest.
- A palpable ( touchable) painful visible mass
- Pain
- Decreased or restricted movement of joint
- Bone fracture
Diagnosis and Treatment
Following diagnostic tests and procedures are used to make a diagnosis. These are
- Imaging techniques like CT-Scan, MRI, PET-scan, X-Ray, and USG to detect and site and size of the tumour.
- Timor biopsy
- Histopathological examination of the lesion
Treatment
The selection of the appropriate treatment option depends upon the tumour site, its size, and extent of the involvement of the organ. Treatment options are surgical and non- surgical. Non-surgical treatment options like radiotherapy and the medical management of the tumour in non-operatable cases, where patients have multiple lesions or lesions that involve vertebrae of the spinal cord and sacrum bones.
Surgical Treatment Options are:
- Extensive curettage with adjuvant treatment and bone reconstruction; the purpose of using this surgical technique is to remove the tumour or lesion while preserving the bone and joint function.
- Bone reconstruction
- Bone grafting
- Amputation (surgical removal of all or part of the limb) in severe advanced cases of the tumour.
- Physiotherapy to regain muscle strength or organ function.
What Support can we Give for Giant Cell Tumour?
Giant Cell Tumour is rare cancer, meaning it is not as well known as other forms of cancer. Without a Ribbon is an Australian organisation that provides support for individuals who suffer from rare cancers. So, we provide a designated platform for Warriors to obtain information specific to their Rare Cancer. We also provide annual opportunities for our Warriors to meet and learn from each other. If you suffer from rare cancer such as Giant Cell Tumour, we can help and support you through your journey thanks to the generous donations we receive. Click the link below to sign up and become a Warrior today!
You can help us with your donation:
Without a Ribbon is a charity that works hard to aid those who suffer from rare cancers. You can help our cause in a variety of ways: Donations — Without a Ribbon is grateful when we receive every donation. Giving to Without a Ribbon helps us to provide ongoing support, organise the annual gathering and subsidise the costs of our Warriors attending these conferences. Sponsorship — If you wish to sponsor our charity, please contact us using this form. Volunteering — We are always looking for volunteers to help with different aspects of running our charity. So, if you are looking for volunteer work, please feel free to contact us.
